A marriage is perhaps the most important social occasion for any family as well as for the individual. Marriages in India reflect all the
regional colors overlaying the basic religious rites. Literally "taking
the girl away in a special way or for a special purpose", marriage
is a focal point for a family gathering, with people traveling long
distances to participate in it. Before the marriage an engagement
ceremony called "sagai", is performed. A Hindu marriage follows
the rituals which started in the vedic times.First a muhurat is chosen,
an auspicious time of the year.The wedding is usually conducted at
the bride's place. Entire families gather and the evening is spent
singing, dancing and eating. A day before the wedding the palms
and feet of the bride are decorated with "henna" , in the mehandi
ceremony.A canopy or mandap decorated with flowers is erected
at the place of wedding. On the wedding day the bride and
groom are anointed with turmeric in their respective homes.
The bride looks resplendent in all her finery.The following
description of a typical Indian bride has been given in the great
Indian classic, the Ramayana - "She is arrayed for her wedding
in gossamer fine, red garment, which is embroidered with gold,
and jeweled butterflies and other ornaments adorn her lustrous
black hair. She is wearing precious gems in her ears, and her
arms and wrists are covered with bracelets, while a golden band
encircles her slender waist and anklets of gold shine on her feet."
The present day Indian bride also dresses almost the same way.
The north Indian bridegroom ties a viel of flowers,called sehara,
to their turban. It is said that the tying of sehara confers the status
of Vishnu on the groom.The Indian wedding procession of the
groom or the "Baraat" is the main event on the groom’s side, who
get off compared to the more elaborate arrangements that are the
responsibility of the bride's parents. The baraat is headed by a
deafening display of fireworks and vigorous dancing of the congregated
folks.The bridegroom is on the horse.Accompanied by the rhythm of the
north Indian "dholak" to the brass bands the baraat finally reaches the
milani or the meeting point, where the elders of both the families meet
and the baraaties are welcomed with garlands and arati. The groom is
welcomed by the brides mother, she performs a arati, womanfolk
shower flowers on him and then he is taken inside the pandal.The
bride then comes with the jaimala, and both the bride and the
groom exchange garlands to denote formal mutual acceptance.
After this the bride and groom sit in the mandap next to each other
before a sacrificial pit or havana kund. The elders of the house, and
the friends of both the bride and groom remain near the mandap, some to
carefully follow the ritual, some to enjoy the ambiance. Rest of the guests
start towards the other most interesting part of the pandal, the food section.
Food is one of the central themes at any Indian wedding. However the
color and spice may vary from region to region.After kanyadaan where
the bride is given to the groom by her father, symbolically giving her to
Vishnu, the ritual of pradakshina starts, in which the bride and the groom
ritually walk seven times around the sacrificial fire. Also called
"phera",this signifies their union. The marriage ceremony now
enters its most important phase the saptapadi, in which the bride
and the groom take seven steps together facing the north. After
which the bride comes to the groom's left, leaving his right side
free to take on the world. The couple are now considered married.